Between 1933 and 1942 over 130,000 people fled Austria, the overwhelming majority of them Jews according to the Nuremberg Laws. Already in 1933/34, following the abolition of parliamentary democracy, hundreds of members and functionaries of the workers’ movement escaped to the CSR, Switzerland, Soviet Union as well as France and Belgium. After 1936, about 1400 Austrians joined the troops of Republican Spain fighting Franco.

In the series Österreicher im Exil (Austrians in exile) eight volumes of documents (on France, Belgium, Great Britain, USA, Mexico, Soviet Union, Spain) have been published from 1984 to the present.

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